ABSTRACT Lee, P. () Understanding and critiquing qualitative research papers. Nursing Times; 29, 30– This article, the last in a series on research, examines the steps involved in qualitative research before introducing more terminology regarding the different approaches to qualitative studies AbstrAct Lee, P. () Understanding and critiquing qualitative research papers. lNursing Times; 29, 30– This article, the last in a series on research, examines the steps involved in qualitative research before introducing more terminology regarding the different approaches to qualitative Understanding and critiquing qualitative research papers. Understanding and critiquing qualitative research papers. examines the steps involved in qualitative research before introducing more terminology regarding the different approaches to qualitative studies. The process of evaluating qualitative research is explored by using an
Understanding And Critiquing Qualitative Research Papers Pdf
The first article in this series on understanding research Lee, a examined the basic terminology used by researchers and identified that qualitative research produced non-numerical qualitative data.
This type of research aims to report a situation as it actually is in a natural rather than a laboratory setting. Qualitative researchers justify this approach by suggesting that it is not possible to separate the context or setting in which the phenomenon occurs from the phenomenon itself Morse and Field, Polly Lee, MSc, BA, RSCN, RGN, RM, DipN, ILTM, is lecturer in child health nursing, City University, London.
Some of the terminology that relates to qualitative and quantitative research and how these relate to different worldviews paradigms was introduced in the first article in this series. The notion of qualitative non-numerical and quantitative numerical data was also introduced. Readers of qualitative research need a sound understanding of the terminology specific to this type of research to make full sense of the report.
Within qualitative research there are different approaches methodologies. These may be more easily understood by returning to the example used in the first article of the series. This discussed a patient being asked about their experiences of receiving different treatment for hypertension. A researcher undertaking a study on this topic may: follow a particular ethnic group over a prolonged period of time - in the past this would have involved living among that population this is known as ethnography ; explore what patients understand about the different treatments and build a theory as the research progresses grounded theory ; or explore the lived experience of hypertension phenomenology.
These are the most common approaches used in qualitative research, understanding and critiquing qualitative research papers. There are several frameworks for critiquing research, some of which have been constructed to critique or evaluate both qualitative and quantitative studies. Others, however, have been constructed to critique only one of these.
Box 1 shows some of the commonly utilised frameworks within the nursing literature. This article focuses on one framework designed for critiquing research. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme CASP framework has been chosen as it has separate frameworks for qualitative and quantitative research, understanding and critiquing qualitative research papers.
It is also available on the internet, with more detailed questions than can be discussed within this article www. Qualitative research needs to answer questions set by the researcher there is no hypothesis. The intended aim s of the research should therefore be stated and the questions the research seeks to address should be identified. Some research questions are best addressed by qualitative enquiry and others by quantitative enquiry.
It would not be possible to use the quantitative paradigm and collect numerical data for this. The research approach normally influences its design. That is, the research design tells readers how the researcher actually implemented the research approach.
Recruitment to any research project is an important consideration but qualitative researchers often want to obtain the thoughts or opinions of a specific group of people who have experienced a phenomenon. It understanding and critiquing qualitative research papers more important therefore for qualitative researchers to ensure that participants have experienced the phenomenon rather than randomly selecting people who may not be able to answer the questions.
Within qualitative research the most common methods of data collection are interview, questionnaire or observation. These different methods are used to obtain slightly different data. Within some qualitative approaches phenomenology researchers must separate out bracket and declare their feelings at the beginning of the research project.
Ethical issues are important and should be considered at every step of the research process. The Central Office for Research Ethics Committees www. uk offers guidance for researchers planning to undertake any research within the NHS.
Data analysis is both time consuming and rigorous within qualitative research. Once the data has been analysed thoroughly, the findings should be clearly displayed.
These should be examined within the research report with examples quotes from each theme being given. The majority of research is never published even though it may have the potential to make a valuable contribution to the development of nursing knowledge. Caution should still be exercised as to whether published research is repetitive of previous research or conducted well - hence the reason for a critiquing framework - and adds to the body of nursing knowledge.
The questions in frameworks for critiquing qualitative research tend to be sequential. It is vital for readers to understand the aims and questions of the research in order to answer sections of the framework. Critiquing frameworks enable readers to make a judgement regarding the soundness of the research. While it is possible to critique a piece of research without them, frameworks serve as useful aides-memoires for those who are not used to critiquing research.
Many of the issues affecting quantitative research reported in the second article in this series Lee, b also apply to qualitative research, such as restrictions on word limits. This makes it important for readers to examine author guidelines for the particular journal. It is clearly not possible to cover every aspect of a study in a journal report. Readers should therefore be careful before boldly stating that a researcher did not consider a certain aspect, since it may have been discussed at length in the original unpublished research report.
By reading the author guidelines of professional journals readers are better able to determine what authors can include and therefore by implication excludeand then relate this to the critiquing framework outlined above. The terminology used in some professional journals would require inexperienced readers to explore meanings further.
Once data analysis has been completed, then qualitative researchers discuss their findings, although generalisability is not normally possible with qualitative research. Nursing journals have different expectations regarding how much discussion should be included regarding the trustworthiness of qualitative research. In fact not all qualitative researchers report these ideas in the same way - some use the notion of trustworthiness, whereas others use the terms validity and reliability, which are actually related more to quantitative research.
Finally, readers should consider implications of the research for nursing and midwifery. While these implications can relate to the practice, education, research and management of nursing and midwifery, understanding and critiquing qualitative research papers all research reports detail the implications for all aspects of the professions. Indeed, the word allowance in many health journals will only allow for detailed discussion of a few implications. Careful examination of qualitative research gives practitioners a better understanding of how a group of people view or understand a particular situation.
It can therefore enable individual practitioners to enhance their practice and contribute to evidence-based practice. The development of such skills should assist pre-registration students with relevant assignments. They should also help practitioners to determine if a piece of research understanding and critiquing qualitative research papers relevant and suitable to be implemented in their practice.
The skills outlined in this series are also essential prerequisites for those intending to undertake a critical review of literature, begin their own programme of research, or undertake systematic reviews of research.
As practitioners gain a deeper understanding of critiquing a single piece of research, they should consider critiquing several research studies on a particular topic, searching for common themes. Understanding and critiquing qualitative research papers could then write a critical review of the literature on that chosen topic. Each week Nursing Times publishes a guided learning article with reflection points to help you with your CPD. After reading the article you should be able to:.
Sign in or Register a new account to join the discussion. You are here: Nurse educators. Understanding and critiquing qualitative research papers. Abstract VOL:ISSUE: 29, PAGE NO: 30 Polly Lee, MSc, BA, RSCN, RGN, RM, understanding and critiquing qualitative research papers, DipN, ILTM, understanding and critiquing qualitative research papers, is lecturer in child health nursing, City University, London. Related files.
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Critiquing a journal article
, time: 3:18Understanding and critiquing qualitative research papers | Nursing Times
18/7/ · Understanding and critiquing qualitative research papers. Understanding qualitative research. Some of the terminology that relates to qualitative and quantitative research and how these relate to different worldviews (paradigms) was introduced in the first article in this series. The notion of qualitative (non-numerical) and quantitative Understanding and critiquing qualitative research papers examples. Coordinate your daily work in the most easy and complete Business Management solution for small companies.4/5 20/6/ · Papers Pdf And Understanding Research Critiquing Qualitative Please use the below Qualitative Critique Completion Form to complete your critique of quantitative research. The great diversity of available qualitative methods can make evaluation or critical appraisal difficult for consumers of research who are less familiar with these methods
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